The Secret of Philip II's Obsession with Work: The King Who Labored 16 Hours a Day
The figure of Philip II is one of the most intriguing in European history, a king who dedicated his life to the bureaucracy and governance of a vast empire. His obsession with work and the paperwork is a mystery that has fascinated historians for centuries. Philip II, known as the Prudent King, not only ruled Spain but also managed a series of territories in Europe, America, and Asia, and his workday could exceed 16 hours. This article explores the life of a monarch who, in his quest to control every detail of his kingdom, faced both grandeur and decay.
The Day of a King: Endless Work and Bureaucratic Zeal
Philip II was born on May 21, 1527, in Geneva, Switzerland, as the son of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal. From a young age, he was prepared for the burdens of kingship, a responsibility that led him to develop an almost obsessive fascination with organization and control. His daily chronicles, written by his secretary Antonio Pérez, reveal that the monarch rose early to review documents, study reports, and prepare governance strategies. It is estimated that his day began around 5 a.m. and ended at midnight, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to work.
This focus on bureaucracy was not just a personal choice but a necessity. Philip II inherited a vast and diverse empire, stretching from the twilight of the Iberian Peninsula to possessions in the New World. The complexity of governing these lands required meticulous attention to detail. In the Council of the Indies, for example, crucial issues related to colonial administration were debated, and Philip II reviewed every decision as if his life depended on it.